There are millions and billions of plants and animals (Flora and Fauna) that have evolved on our planet Earth. In order to classify these living organisms to study them carefully and broadly, a branch of science called Taxonomy was introduced.
The word Taxonomy is derived from Greek word taxis (mean arrangement) and nomia (means method). Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist, is regarded as the father of taxonomy as he was the first person to classify organisms into categories and gave binomial nomenclature for the same.
Hierarchy in Taxonomy:
When any living organism, whether it’s an animal or plant, has to be classified under taxonomy, then they are first classified into Taxa (based on possessing same characteristics). Then they are given taxonomic ranks and finally, the groups in a given rank is summed to form a superior group, thus creating the hierarchy. When we study Phylum, class, order, family, genus and species of any particular flora and fauna, this is actually hierarchy which we learn and nothing else.
The word Taxonomy was first coined by Augustin Pyramus de Condole (Swiss Botanist) in 1813 for the classification of plants only, in his famous book Theory Elementaire de la Botanique.
Levels of Taxonomy:
There are three levels of taxonomy which has been introduced to make classification easy and understandable. These three levels are Alpha, Beta and Gamma Taxonomy
Alpha - Alpha taxonomy refers to the discipline of finding, describing and naming taxon. Taxon is a single unit which incorporates one or more organisms to form a single unit. William Bertram was the person who first coined the term Alpha taxonomy in his papers which were published 1935-1937.
Beta - Secondly, the sorting of species into related class and their arrangement into higher hierarchy ranks or categories is also very important. Therefore, a new taxonomic process, known as Beta taxonomy has been introduced. Beta taxonomy basically deals with the delimitation of species using investigative, sophisticated and laboratory technologies.
Gama - Lastly, Gama taxonomy is the level of taxonomy which keeps the account of evolutionary sequence and intra specific variations and also a casual study and interpretation of organic diversity.
Micro and Macro Taxonomy:
Mayr and Ashlock (1991) have divided taxonomy into two levels; viz Micro and Macro Taxonomy. There is the term used in science, species problem that is defined as the difficulties which were posed as to how species would be classified into any specific group of organisms. The work, which is used to define species, is termed as Micro taxonomy, whereas Macro taxonomy deals with the study of groups at higher taxonomic ranks.
The basic difference between micro and macro is that micro is related to studies related to variations, relationships and characteristics on a small scale and can be observed or identified whereas in contrast, macro is related to studies of the same on a large scale and cannot be observed or viewed.
Conclusion:
It was very difficult initially to classify all organisms but in order to understand them clearly and easily, this classification was very necessary. This classification, as we can see now, is now proving a boon in studying the characteristics, features and relationships among common and different organisms.
Animals 
Beauty 
Careers 
Cinema 