It is basically a synthetic material which has wide range of different polymers like PVC, polythene, nylon, and many more. It can be molded and can be given various shapes so as to make different styles of toys, furniture, wire coatings, water bottles, medical equipment, pens, etc. Plastic formation involves very less cost, and manufacturing process is also simple, due to which use of plastic is increasing day by day. Due to such advantages, people have started making high use of plastic products which is a serious concern for the environment.
Effect of Plastic on Environment:
Plastic pollution, although cannot be felt and seen by our naked eyes, but it has spread its roots far and wide in the environment. Although, it is part of our daily routine life, but it really doesn’t mean that it is safe.
Soil Pollution due to Plastic:
Plastic when buried inside the soil releases various harmful toxic chemicals, which mixes into the ground and makes soil harmful for agricultural purposes. It can also get into the ground and mix with groundwater, thereby polluting ground water also. This makes the water absolutely unhealthy for human consumption and agricultural use. Things like polythene bags, get buried inside the soil, this makes the soil toxic.
Water Pollution due to Plastic:
Plastic objects are being thrown into the ocean. Plastics, although degrades faster in the sea, but on the contrary it also leaves several harmful chemicals into it, making it more dangerous to the life on the earth and inside water. It increases the risk of Global Warming on the planet. The garbage that is thrown into the sea keeps floating . This not only reduces its beauty, but is also harmful for sea animals.
Effects of Polythene on Food Chain:
Plastic particles even affect the world’s tiniest microorganisms like plankton. When these organisms get poisoned because of plastic ingestion, it creates problems for the larger animals that depend on these organisms for obtaining food. This can cause a lot of problems at every step further along the food chain. It means that harmful plastic toxins are present in the fish that many people eat everyday.
Plastic is Poisonous:
We humans artificially makes plastic by using a number of toxic and harmful chemicals. Thus, use of and exposure to plastics can be linked to various health concerns affecting people around the world. The processes of making, storing, disposing of, and just being around plastics can be extremely harmful to mankind.
Land Pollution:
When plastic is dumped on land, it mixes up with water and this leads to the formation of hazardous chemicals. When these chemicals seep inside the ground, then it degrades the quality of water.
Plastic pollution is the most hazardous and most impactful pollution on earth. Unnecessary piling up of the plastic waste in the Earth's environment is adversely affecting the wildlife, wildlife habitat, and humans. Plastic pollution has its effects on land, water, and air along with plants and animals.
The implication for animals:
Many times we litter the earth with plastic without knowing the dangers that it can cause to other animals and creatures that also co-exist with us on the same planet. Many animals mistake the plastic that we throw away as food and they eat it. In many cases, it has been found that dead animals have been found with large quantities of plastic waste inside their tummies.
Since they ingest the plastic, the plastic materials create a blockage or else they fill up the digestive system that leads to the death of the animal. This mainly occurs in the case of marine animals.
Land pollution
The littering of plastic waste on land has led to the destruction and the reduction in the quality of soil and other elements that are present in the Earth's land. This causes the decline of fertile land that can be used and it makes that land a worthless piece.
Since plastic contains a lot of chemicals that aren't beneficial to the earth in any way they form a ground for breeding bacteria and viruses containing deadly diseases.
Bulks of plastic waste also end up filling loads of landfills and since they cannot decompose and take many years to break down they keep heaping causing health problems to the creatures living near it.
Air pollution
The combustion of plastic material in the air means that many deadly toxic and poisonous gases are being released into the atmosphere that isn't safe at all for the living of the human beings or other animals as well.
When the animals or the humans inhale this toxic air then it is bound to cause them with respiratory disorders and also general health effects. Burning plastic is extremely dangerous and since that is the only way in we can destroy plastic, the manufacturing of such items should be stopped taking into account the damage that it is causing to the atmosphere.
Water pollution
In many water bodies, you can find large amounts of plastic waste. This is because most of the wastes that are produced by the human community have to be disposed of somewhere. Either landfills or else dumping in the water bodies are the only solutions that the modern world has come up with as of now.
Since the landfills are getting fuller and fuller they have decided to dump wastes into water bodies as well. What happens is that the toxic chemicals contained in the plastic are mixed with the water. This contaminates the water and decreases the quality of the water. Studies show that over 40% of the global oceanic surfaces are full of plastic waste.
Interference with the food chain
Smaller animals like worms, fishes, insects, and mollusks are all affected by plastic waste. Since these organisms at some point or the other ingest the waste, the larger animals that are present in the food chain are also affected as they are the ones who ingest the smaller animals.
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